CDC: Antibiotic-resistant 'nightmare bacteria' found in Florida

28 reported cases reported in Florida, 2017 data shows

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. – "Nightmare bacteria" with unusual resistance to antibiotics of last resort were found more than 200 times in the United States last year in a first-of-a-kind hunt to see how much of a threat these rare cases are becoming, health officials said Tuesday.

That's more than they had expected to find, and the true number is probably higher because the effort involved only certain labs in each state, according to officials.

The problem mostly strikes people in hospitals and nursing homes who need IVs and other tubes that can get infected. In many cases, others in close contact with these patients also harbored the superbugs even though they weren't sick -- a risk for further spread.

Some of the sick patients had traveled for surgery or other health care to another country where drug-resistant germs are more common, and the superbug infections were discovered after they returned to the U.S.

"Essentially, we found nightmare bacteria in your backyard," said Dr. Anne Schuchat, principal deputy director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

"These verge on untreatable infections" where the only option may be supportive care -- fluids and sometimes machines to maintain life to give the patient a chance to recover, Schuchat said.

The situation was described in a CDC report.

Bugs and drugs are in a constant battle, as germs evolve to resist new and old antibiotics. About 2 million Americans get infections from antibiotic-resistant bacteria each year and 23,000 die, Schuchat said.

Concern has been growing about a rise in bacteria resistant to all or most antibiotics. Last year, public health labs around the country were asked to watch for and quickly respond to cases of advanced antibiotic resistance, especially to some last-resort antibiotics called carbapenems.

In the first nine months of the year, more than 5,770 samples were tested for these "nightmare bacteria," as CDC calls them, and one quarter were found to have genes that make them hard to treat and easy to share their resistance tricks with other types of bacteria. Of these, 221 had unusual genes that conferred resistance. The cases were scattered throughout 27 states, including Florida.

According to 2017 data, Florida had 28 reported cases of the "nightmare bacteria." 

Though no cases have been reported in Duval County so far, health department officials confirmed to News4Jax on Monday that they are awaiting a protocol update from the state on how to identify and deal with the growing health risk. State health officials are currently working with the CDC on updating that protocol.

MAPS: Tracking antibiotic-resistant bacteria | Tracking most common type of bacteria causing infections in humans

"Even in remote areas" this threat is real, because patients often transfer to and from other places for care, said Dr. Jay Butler, chief medical officer for the state of Alaska and past president of the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials.

Others in close contact with the infected patient then were tested, and 11 percent were found to be carrying the same superbugs even though they were not sick. This gives the bugs more of a chance to spread.

What should you do? 

The CDC suggests:

  • Tell your doctors if you recently had health care in another country.
  • Talk with them about preventing infections, taking care of chronic conditions to help avoid them and getting vaccines to prevent them.
  • Wash your hands regularly and keep cuts clean until healed.

What are hospitals doing to prevent the spread?

The CDC says precautions include:

  • Washing hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer before and after caring for a patient
  • Carefully cleaning and disinfecting rooms and medical equipment
  • Only prescribing antibiotics when necessary
  • Removing temporary medical devices as soon as possible
  • Sometimes, hospitals will test patients for these bacteria to identify them early to help prevent them from being passed on to other patients.

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